2025, Vol. 11, Issue 3, Part B

author(s)
Bhawani Shankar Adhikari

abstract
This research aims to explore the position of women as reflected and portrayed in The Preta Kalpa of The Garudamahapuran. The women’s position is confined within the domestic and spiritual life in the family. They are portrayed as inferior to men and they need to be chaste to their husbands. They have to loyal to their husband to avoid their evil rebirth and they regarded as feeble both physically and mentally and they are put in the lead while returning from the cremation. The natural phenomena of having period are taken as evil and their menstrual blood has been regarded as the outcome their sins. Their faces are avoided from the sight during their period as an impure time of them. Their sins are regarded as the bad luck of gaining the husbands. Women have to perform the Sraddha-death ritual-of their husbands whereas their husbands do not have do the same death ritual for the dead wives. The women are portrayed as male dominated and “other’ from the men. The required stanzas have been adopted from The Preta Kalpa of The Garudamhapuran as the primary data and the articles of various journals and waves have been used as the secondary data for the analysis. The theory of patriarchy has been found to be analogue.