This article seeks to explore the rich history of mathematics education and the evolution of teaching and learning practices in mathematics. The Vedic approach is shown to be more holistic and intuitive, emphasizing the interconnectedness of mathematical concepts, while the modern approach prioritizes technical proficiency and algorithmic problem-solving. Through a comparative analysis of the Vedic era and modern approaches, an insight into the evolution of mathematics education and new ways to enhance the teaching and learning of this critical subject can be known.